The Fair Unknown -- or Le Bel Inconnu -- is a
character or motif who appears in a number of late
medieval romances. In each of them an unknown youth
arrives at Arthur's court and proves himself, after
many adventures, to be a worthy knight. In several
of these stories the Fair Unknown is the son of
Gawain, variously
named Ginglain, Gyngolyn, Gyngelayne, Guingalin, or
Wigalois (in the German 13th-century romance of
that title by Wirnt von Grafenberg). Some of the
stories have elements in common with Malory's
Tale of Sir Gareth of Orkney.
he stories about the
Fair Unknown contain reworkings of themes familiar
from the Grail romances, continuing the cycle into a
new generation. In the 15th century poem The Weddynge of Sir Gawen and Dame
Ragnall, the poet notes that Ragnelle bore Gawain
a son called Gyngolyn. Although the name of the youth
is unknown when he first arrives at Arthur's court,
he is eventually revealed as the son of Gawain.
n several of the Fair
Unknown stories the motif of the kiss returns: in the
verse romance Le Bel Inconnu by Renaut de
Beaujeu, the hero has to undergo a trial in which he
is kissed by a serpent. When he succeeds, the serpent
turns into a beautiful woman. Another version of this
episode appears in the stanzaic romance Lybeaus
Desconus, attributed to Thomas Chestre, written
in the late 14th century, and there is another of
these serpent women in the Italian tale I Cantari
di Carduino from about the same date.
he Fair Unknown
either does not know his own name or he conceals it.
In Lybeaus Desconus the young hero has been,
like Perceval/
Parzival, sheltered
by his mother from all knowledge of knighthood. Like
those heroes, Lybeaus appears at first to be an
unlikely candidate for knighthood but he soon proves
his worth.
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