PLEASE enable style sheets before continuing. These web pages will look better if you have style sheets enabled.

These articles and associated notes present many different approaches to Wagner's Parsifal. This is an unstructured list of the contents of the web-site. For a structured view see the index of articles.

• Wagner's inner action and time patterns
• Presentation of Nature in Staging of the Ring
• Scenic Conception of Parsifal

• Western Source Literature
• Buddhist Literature
• Writings of Richard and Cosima Wagner
• Historical and Biographical
• Mythology
• Concerning Parsifal

• Berlioz, (Louis-) Hector (1803-69)
• Brandt, Friedrich Georg Heinrich (Fritz) (1854-95)
• Brandt, Karl (1828-81)
• Brückner, Gotthold (1844-92) and Max (1836-1919)
• Burnouf, Eugène (1801-52)
• Dannreuther, Edward (1844-1905)
• Gautier, Judith (1845-1917)
• Gobineau, Count Joseph Arthur de (1816-82)
• Humperdinck, Engelbert (1854-1921)
• Joukowsky, Paul von (1845-1912)
• Levi, Hermann (1839-1900)
• Liszt, Franz (1811-1886)
• Ludwig II, King of Bavaria (1845-86)
• Meyerbeer, Giacomo (Jakob Liebmann Beer), (1791-1864)
• Meysenburg, Baroness Malwida von (1816-1903)
• Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844-1900)
• Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788-1860)
• Verlaine, Paul (1844-96)
• Wagner, Cosima (previously von Bülow) (1838-1930)
• Wagner, Richard (1813-1883)
• Wesendonck, Mathilde (née Luckemeyer) (1828-1902)
• Wolzogen, Baron Hans Paul von (1848-1938)

• Religion, Myth and Poetry
• Mead and Soma
• The Content of the Grail

• The Kiss of Sovereignty
• The Magic Vessels of the Otherworld Castle

• Chrétien's Poem
• Chrétien's Sources

• First Performance in England
• The Setting of the Opera
• The Performance

• Metempsychosis
• Parsifal's Purity
• Time and Space
• The Beautiful Kundry
• Kundry's Restlessness

• Translator's Introduction
• First Acquaintance with the Parzival Material
• Parzival as Pilgrim in Tristan (1854)
• First Draft of an Independent Parzival-Drama (1857)
• Wagner Writes from Venice and Paris (1858-60)

• Celtic Traditions of the Grail
• Eastern Traditions of the Grail
• Christian Interpretations of the Grail
• Wagner and the Grail

• Wagner and Ancient Greece
• Achilles and Telephus
• The Spear that Heals
• Prometheus - the Redeemer Unbound

• Wagner and Buddhism
• Parsifal and Indian Literature
• Wagnerian Buddhism in Parsifal

• About this Web Site
• A Stage-dedicatory Festival-play
• A Pleasant Mood in Nature
• A Buddhist Redeemer
• Sex and Religion

• Loathly Damsel and High Messenger of the Grail
• Grail Bearer and Mystical Marriage
  • Mystery Story
  • Grail Bearer
  • Sovereignty and Seasons
• From Chrétien de Troyes to Richard Wagner
  • Selections and Connections
  • Herodias, Magdalene and Prakriti
  • Four Female Characters

• The 1979 Production at Covent Garden
• The 1988 Production at Covent Garden
• Wagner's Operas
• Redemption

• Introduction
• Three Kings
• Three Heroes
• Three Gods
• The Golden Bough
• Conclusions

• Allegory and Antithesis
• Wagner and Meyerbeer
• Robert le Diable
• Postscript

• Silk and Satin
• Judith

• The Motivic Web
• The Secret of Form
• A Tonal Work of Art
• Other Aspects of the Music

• Translator's Introduction
• Author's Introduction
• Jesus of Nazareth
• The Victors
• Parsifal
• The Need for Redemption

• A Gift from Heaven
• Die Sieger
• Tristan und Isolde

• The Name of the Hero
• The Community of Knights

• Wagner's Footnote
• The Magic Mirror
• The Significance of the Kiss

• Diana Nemorensis
• Clinschor and Klingsor
• Anfortas and Amfortas

• Background
• Context
• Analysis

• Act 1
• Act 2
• Act 3

• Wagner's last card
• Wagner, Gobineau and Parsifal
• Exclusion and inclusion
• Race and racial purity
• Semites and anti-Semites
• The Aryan Christ
• Conclusions

• Note
• Persons of the Drama
• Synopsis
• Prakriti, Ananda and the Buddha

• Wolfram's Sigune
• Chrétien's Lamenting Maiden
• Sigune in Kundry

• Wagner's Grail Studies
• Wagner's Bayreuth Library

• Translator's Introduction
• Parsifal and Parzival
• Indian Influence on Parsifal
• Parsifal Shoots a Swan
• The Bodhi Tree
• Kundry and Cundrîe
• The Path of the Bodhisattva

• Hallows
• Grail
• Spear
• Sword
• Dish
• Treasures

• English Translation Act 1
• English Translation Act 2
• English Translation Act 3

• Music and Scenery
• A Production Problem
• How Humperdinck Saved the Day

• The Grail Castle
• Titurel and Gurnemanz
• Wagner's Treatment of the Legend
• Amfortas and the Fisher King
• The Bleeding Lance
• The Swan Episode
• Departure from the Castle
• Klingsor
• Kondrie, Orgeluse, Herodias
• The Magic Garden
• Philosophical and Mystical Conception of the Hero
• The Good Friday Episode - Trevrezent
• The Healing of Amfortas
• Concluding Remarks

• The Goose of Monsalvat
• The Beloved Swan
• Mother and Son

• The Sin of Titurel
• Paths of Error and Suffering
• Parsifal Revisited
• Parsifal in Time and Space
• Samaritan of the Grail

• Wolfram's Sources
• Wolfram and Chrétien
• Wagner and Wolfram

• Introduction
• Preliminary Observation
• Elements of the Drama
• Wagner's Use of the Material

• Fellow-suffering (Mitleid) and Resignation
• Wolfram, Parzival and Anfortas
• From Cosima's Diary

• Decadent and Offensive?
• Is it a Christian work?
• Chastity and Purity
• Redeeming the Redeemer